the base class for all bonds between discrete elements. More...

#include <Bond.hpp>

Inheritance diagram for GranOO3::DEM::Bond:

[legend]

Public Types
enum	FailureMode { NONE =0 , TENSION =1 , COMPRESSION =2 , SHEAR =3 }

enum	DrawMode { SOLID , LINE , NO }

Public Member Functions
	Bond (Element &el1, Element &el2, bool contact=false)
	Constructor. More...

virtual	~Bond ()=0
	Destructor. More...

virtual void	draw ()
	OpenGL draw of the bond More...

virtual std::string	info () const
	Display some useful info in the terminal More...

Element &	get_item1 ()

const Element &	get_item1 () const

Element &	get_item2 ()

const Element &	get_item2 () const

Element &	item1 ()

Element &	item2 ()

double	get_normal_force_intensity () const

double	get_tangential_force_intensity () const

Element &	bonded_element (const Element &)
	get the bonded element More...

const Element &	get_bonded_element (const Element &) const
	same as bonded_element(const Element&) (provided for convenience) More...

virtual void	compute_load ()
	compute the reaction force and torque of the bond More...

virtual double	get_linear_stiffness () const
	compute the linear stiffness of the bond More...

virtual double	get_angular_stiffness () const
	similar as get_linear_stiffness() for rotation More...

void	apply_linear_damping_factor ()
	compute and apply the linear (translation) damping factor of the bond More...

void	apply_angular_damping_factor ()
	similar as apply_linear_damping_factor() for rotation More...

void	apply_load ()
	apply the computed reaction force and torque to the bonded Element (_element1 and _element2) More...

void	disable (bool manage_slave=true)
	disable the bond More...

void	disable_fast_mode (bool manage_slave=true)
	simply disable the bond by switching the _disabled attribute to true without doing the lot of things done by the disable() method More...

void	enable (bool manage_slave=true)
	simply enable the bond by switching the _disabled attribute to false More...

bool	is_disabled () const
	check if the bond is enable or not More...

void	crack (bool manage_slave=true)

void	uncrack (bool manage_slave=true)

bool	is_cracked () const

void	init_local_frame (bool update_initial_param=false)
	initialize the bond local frame More...

void	update_local_frame ()
	update the bond local frame More...

void	update_current_length ()
	update the current value of the bond length (see _current_length attribute) More...

void	build_voronoi_bond ()
	build a voronoi bond from the current bond More...

virtual void	stiffness_matrix (Eigen::MatrixXd &kMatrix)
	assemble a stiffness matrix More...

virtual void	update_dof ()
	update the bond dof More...

const std::vector< unsigned int > &	get_dof () const
	get the dof vector More...

const Geom::Point &	initial_pos (const Element &) const
	get the initial position of the `el` element More...

Geom::Vector	get_disp (const Element &) const
	get the displacement of the `el` element More...

Geom::Vector	get_disp1 () const
	get the displacement of the first bonded element (_element1) More...

Geom::Vector	get_disp2 () const
	similar as get_disp1() More...

void	swap (Element &from, Element &to)
	swap the bond from the Element `from` to `to` More...

void	add_slave (Bond &b)
	add a slave bond (useful for periodic simulation) More...

virtual std::ostream &	export_to_povray (std::ostream &out) const
	exporting to povray format More...

Public Member Functions inherited from GranOO3::Physic::BodyInteraction
	BodyInteraction (Body &b1, Body &b2, bool contact_interaction)
	constructor More...

virtual	~BodyInteraction ()
	destructor More...

void	apply_torque ()
	apply the current torque value More...

void	clear_torque ()
	set the torques to zero More...

Geom::Vector &	torque_on (const Body &b)
	get the torque value applied on `b` More...

const Geom::Vector &	torque_on (const Body &b) const
	same as BodyInteraction::torque_on More...

void	add_label_torque (const std::string &label, const Geom::Vector &t1, const Geom::Vector &t2)
	add a label for the torque More...

void	swap (Body &from, Body &to)
	swap one body More...

Public Member Functions inherited from GranOO3::Physic::NodeInteraction
	NodeInteraction (Node &de1, Node &de2, bool build_node_interaction)

virtual	~NodeInteraction ()

bool	contact_interaction () const

void	apply_force ()

void	clear_force ()

Geom::Vector &	force_on (const Node &)

const Geom::Vector &	force_on (const Node &) const

void	swap (Node &from, Node &to)

virtual std::ostream &	write_ascii (std::ostream &out) const

void	add_label_force (const std::string &label, const Geom::Vector &f1, const Geom::Vector &f2)

Public Member Functions inherited from GranOO3::Core::Base
virtual	~Base ()

size_t	numID () const

size_t	uID () const

void	set_numID (size_t val)

void	clear_numID ()

Physic::Material &	get_mat () const

void	set_mat (Physic::Material *)

Base &	item ()

const Base &	item () const

bool	is_same (const Base &) const

template<class T >
T &	cast_to ()

template<class T >
const T &	cast_to () const

template<class T >
bool	is () const

virtual bool	is (size_t) const

virtual const std::string &	get_ID () const

virtual Base &	clone ()

template<class T >
T &	clone_to ()

virtual std::istream &	read_ascii (std::istream &in)

Signal< Base & > &	deleted_signal ()

Public Member Functions inherited from GranOO3::Core::Null
	Null ()

virtual	~Null ()

Public Member Functions inherited from GranOO3::Core::Drawable
	Drawable ()

virtual	~Drawable ()

virtual void	draw_edge ()

virtual void	init_default_color ()

virtual std::ostream &	get_info (std::ostream &os) const

virtual const Color &	default_color () const

Color &	get_color ()

const Color &	get_color () const

virtual void	set_color (const Color &)

virtual void	set_alpha (float alpha)

void	apply_color () const

void	apply_edge_color () const

void	apply_default_color ()

void	apply_selected_color ()

void	set_line_width (float)

float	get_line_width () const

float &	get_line_width ()

void	apply_line_width () const

bool	is_visible () const

void	set_visible (bool)

void	paint ()

void	paint_edge ()

unsigned int	get_item_glkey () const

Public Member Functions inherited from GranOO3::Core::Register< Base >
	Register ()

virtual	~Register ()

void	erase_from_all_setof ()

bool	belong_to_setof (const std::string &setOfId) const

bool	belong_to_setof (const SetOf< Base > &set) const

std::list< SetOf< Base > * > &	get_setof_list ()

unsigned long long int	get_numeric_ID () const

Public Member Functions inherited from GranOO3::Core::Register< NodeInteraction >
	Register ()

virtual	~Register ()

void	erase_from_all_setof ()

bool	belong_to_setof (const std::string &setOfId) const

bool	belong_to_setof (const SetOf< NodeInteraction > &set) const

std::list< SetOf< NodeInteraction > * > &	get_setof_list ()

unsigned long long int	get_numeric_ID () const

Public Member Functions inherited from GranOO3::Core::Register< BodyInteraction >
	Register ()

virtual	~Register ()

void	erase_from_all_setof ()

bool	belong_to_setof (const std::string &setOfId) const

bool	belong_to_setof (const SetOf< BodyInteraction > &set) const

std::list< SetOf< BodyInteraction > * > &	get_setof_list ()

unsigned long long int	get_numeric_ID () const

Public Member Functions inherited from GranOO3::Core::PropClass< Bond >
	PropClass ()

virtual	~PropClass ()

T &	new_object ()

T &	get ()

const T &	get () const

bool	prop_exist () const

void	add_prop (Core::Prop< Bond > *)

void	remove_prop (Core::Prop< Bond > *)

std::string	info () const

Public Member Functions inherited from GranOO3::Core::Register< Bond >
	Register ()

virtual	~Register ()

void	erase_from_all_setof ()

bool	belong_to_setof (const std::string &setOfId) const

bool	belong_to_setof (const SetOf< Bond > &set) const

std::list< SetOf< Bond > * > &	get_setof_list ()

unsigned long long int	get_numeric_ID () const

Static Public Member Functions
static double	get_disabled_cumulative_surface ()
	get the total surface disabled surface More...

Static Public Member Functions inherited from GranOO3::Core::Base
static Base &	get_by_numID (size_t)

static void	clear_all_numID ()

static unsigned int	get_sub_class_number ()

Static Public Member Functions inherited from GranOO3::Core::Drawable
static Drawable &	get_drawable_item_by_glkey (int)

static void	set_draw_precision (unsigned int p)

static void	increase_draw_precision ()

static void	decrease_draw_precision ()

static unsigned int	get_draw_precision ()

Static Public Attributes
static double	epsilon
	a very small value used as a threshold More...

static double	draw_solid_factor

static DrawMode	draw_mode = LINE

static Core::Signal< Bond & >	disable_signal = Core::Signal<Bond&>()
	get the signal when a bond is disabled More...

Static Public Attributes inherited from GranOO3::Core::Null
static Null	null = Null()

Protected Member Functions
template<class Archive >
void	save (Archive &, const unsigned int) const

template<class Archive >
void	load (Archive &, const unsigned int)

	BOOST_SERIALIZATION_SPLIT_MEMBER ()

Protected Member Functions inherited from GranOO3::Core::Base
	Base ()

Protected Attributes
Element *	_element1
	the first of the two bonded Element More...

Element *	_element2
	the second of the two bonded Element More...

double	_linear_damping_factor
	the linear damping factor of the bond More...

double	_angular_damping_factor
	the angular damping factor of the bond More...

double	_relaxed_length
	the relaxed length of the bond. More...

double	_current_length
	the current length of the bond that correspond to the norm of the vector between the center of the bonded elements More...

double	_max_relative_elongation
	a threshold corresponding to a maximal admissible relative elongation (the longitudinal strain) More...

double	_surface
	this attribute stores the corresponding normal surface of the bond More...

Core::SetOfBase< Bond >	_slave
	a container that list the slave bond More...

std::vector< unsigned int >	_dofs
	a vector that stores the dof of the bond More...

Protected Attributes inherited from GranOO3::Physic::BodyInteraction
Body *	_body1
	a pointer the first body More...

Body *	_body2
	a pointer the second body More...

Geom::Vector	_torque_on1
	the current value of the applied torque on the body 1 More...

Geom::Vector	_torque_on2
	the current value of the applied torque on the body 2 More...

Protected Attributes inherited from GranOO3::Physic::NodeInteraction
const bool	_contact_interaction

Node *	_node1

Node *	_node2

Geom::Vector	_force_on1

Geom::Vector	_force_on2

Protected Attributes inherited from GranOO3::Core::PropClass< Bond >
std::vector< Core::Prop< Bond > * >	_prop

Private Member Functions
	Bond ()=delete

	Bond (const Bond &)=delete

Bond &	operator= (const Bond &)=delete

Private Attributes
bool	_disabled
	an attribute that stores the enable/disable state More...

bool	_cracked

FailureMode	_failure_mode

double	_initial_length
	an attribute that stores the bond initial length More...

Geom::Point	_initial_pos1
	the initial position of the _element1 expressed in the _element2 local frame More...

Geom::Point	_initial_pos2
	the initial position of the _element2 expressed in the _element1 local frame More...

Geom::Quaternion	_quat_element1
	the quaternion used for building the bond local frame (expressed in the _element1 local frame) More...

Geom::Quaternion	_quat_element2
	same as the _quat_element1 but expressed in the _element2 local frame) More...

Geom::Quaternion	_local_quat
	this the quaternion that must be updated for updating the _local_frame More...

Geom::Frame	_local_frame
	the bond local frame, useful for making computation More...

Geom::Point	_local_center_element1
	the center of _element1 expressed in the local frame. It is always equal to `(0,0,0)` More...

Geom::Frame	_local_frame_element1
	this the frame that corresponds to the local _element1 frame expressed in the _local_frame More...

Geom::Point	_local_center_element2

Geom::Frame	_local_frame_element2

Static Private Attributes
static double	_disabled_cumulative_surface = 0.
	the attribute where the total disabled surface is stored More...

Friends
class	boost::serialization::access

Additional Inherited Members
Static Protected Member Functions inherited from GranOO3::Core::Base
static unsigned int	affect_class_rank_ID ()

Detailed Description

the base class for all bonds between discrete elements.

Bonds are a kind of interaction between discrete elements. The difference between a contact and a bond is :

a contact is a transient interaction,
a bond is a permanent interaction.

During a DEM simulation contacts are destroyed and recreated many times, whereas a bond is created and deleted only one time.

The class DiscreteElement have a list of connected bond. The Bond constructor and destructor are implemented to update this list. So this list is automatically up to date.

Note that this class is not virtual. In some cases, it could be useful to instantiate a bond that does nothing. But be careful, if you call some methods like ComputeLoad() or GetCriticalTimeStep() methods, it will raise an assertion !

A bond can be disabled. It could be useful if you don't want to delete bonds during a simulation. You can get a specific SetOf, that contains all the disabled bonds, with the static method GetDisabledBonds().

Member Enumeration Documentation

◆ DrawMode

enum GranOO3::DEM::Bond::DrawMode

Enumerator
SOLID
LINE
NO

◆ FailureMode

enum GranOO3::DEM::Bond::FailureMode

Enumerator
NONE
TENSION
COMPRESSION
SHEAR

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ Bond() [1/3]

GranOO3::DEM::Bond::Bond	(	Element &	el1,
		Element &	el2,
		bool	contact = `false`
	)

Constructor.

Parameters

[in]	el1	: a reference to the first bonded element
[in]	el2	: a reference to the second bonded element
[in]	contact	: use true if the bond comes from a contact (see Collision lib)

This constructor send a message to both elements to trigger the update of their bond lists.

◆ ~Bond()

GranOO3::DEM::Bond::~Bond ( )

pure virtual

Destructor.

This destructor send a message to both elements to trigger the update of their bond lists.

◆ Bond() [2/3]

GranOO3::DEM::Bond::Bond ( )

privatedelete

◆ Bond() [3/3]

GranOO3::DEM::Bond::Bond ( const Bond & )

privatedelete

Member Function Documentation

◆ add_slave()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::add_slave ( Bond & b )

add a slave bond (useful for periodic simulation)

Parameters

[in] b : the Bond to add as slave

This method can be used to add a slave method (see _slave attribute)

◆ apply_angular_damping_factor()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::apply_angular_damping_factor ( )

similar as apply_linear_damping_factor() for rotation

◆ apply_linear_damping_factor()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::apply_linear_damping_factor ( )

compute and apply the linear (translation) damping factor of the bond

Note that this method is automatically triggered by the apply_load() method (if the _linear_damping_factor value is different from zero).

◆ apply_load()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::apply_load ( )

apply the computed reaction force and torque to the bonded Element (_element1 and _element2)

Note that the reaction force must be updated with the virtual compute_load() method.

This method do not apply the loading if the bond is disabled (see _disabled attribute).

◆ bonded_element()

Element & GranOO3::DEM::Bond::bonded_element ( const Element & el )

inline

get the bonded element

Parameters

[in] el : a reference to one of the two bonded element

Returns: the other bonded element

Warning: if the el element does not belong to the bond, this method raises an assertion

◆ BOOST_SERIALIZATION_SPLIT_MEMBER()

GranOO3::DEM::Bond::BOOST_SERIALIZATION_SPLIT_MEMBER ( )

protected

◆ build_voronoi_bond()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::build_voronoi_bond ( )

build a voronoi bond from the current bond

This method build a new VoronoiBond property from the current bond.

◆ compute_load()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::compute_load ( )

virtual

compute the reaction force and torque of the bond

This method must be overridden by child classes. Note that this method checks if the _max_relative_elongation criterion is reached. This check is only done if the bond is active (see _disabled attribute).

This method do not apply the reaction force and torque to the bonded element. It is done by the apply_load() method.

Reimplemented in GranOO3::DEM::XBeam, GranOO3::DEM::Spring, GranOO3::DEM::SinterNeck_Viscous, GranOO3::DEM::SinterNeck_Rojek, GranOO3::DEM::SinterNeck_Martin, GranOO3::DEM::RepulsiveSpring, GranOO3::DEM::PlasticBeamIT, GranOO3::DEM::PlasticBeam, GranOO3::DEM::HertzSpring, GranOO3::DEM::FlatBond_Ortho, GranOO3::DEM::FlatBond, GranOO3::DEM::ContactBond, GranOO3::DEM::Beam, and GranOO3::DEM::AttractiveSpring.

◆ crack()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::crack ( bool manage_slave = true )

◆ disable()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::disable ( bool manage_slave = true )

disable the bond

if a bond is disabled, its reaction force and torque are not applied to the bonded element (see the apply_load() method). Note that this method does the following things :

emit a signal for notifying that a bond is disabled
managing the energy balance to store the current elastic energy of the disabled bond
incrementing the value of the _disabled_cumulative_surface static attribute

◆ disable_fast_mode()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::disable_fast_mode ( bool manage_slave = true )

simply disable the bond by switching the _disabled attribute to true without doing the lot of things done by the disable() method

◆ draw()

GranOO3::DEM::Bond::draw ( )

virtual

OpenGL draw of the bond

This method is used for fdrwaing the bond. It is used by the granoo-viewer vizualization tool

Reimplemented from GranOO3::Core::Drawable.

Reimplemented in GranOO3::DEM::XBeam, GranOO3::DEM::SinterNeck, GranOO3::DEM::PlasticBeamIT, GranOO3::DEM::PlasticBeam, GranOO3::DEM::FlatBond, and GranOO3::DEM::Beam.

◆ enable()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::enable ( bool manage_slave = true )

simply enable the bond by switching the _disabled attribute to false

Note that if you want to enable/disable a bond, it is preferable to use the disable_fast_mode() method instead of the disable() method.

◆ export_to_povray()

std::ostream & GranOO3::DEM::Bond::export_to_povray ( std::ostream & os ) const

virtual

exporting to povray format

Parameters

[in] os : the stream to write

Returns: the stream with the exporting data in the povray format

This method is used in the granoo-viewer for exporting a 3D scene to the povray program

Reimplemented from GranOO3::Core::Base.

◆ get_angular_stiffness()

double GranOO3::DEM::Bond::get_angular_stiffness ( ) const

virtual

similar as get_linear_stiffness() for rotation

Reimplemented in GranOO3::DEM::Spring, GranOO3::DEM::SinterNeck, GranOO3::DEM::HertzSpring, GranOO3::DEM::FlatBond_Ortho, GranOO3::DEM::FlatBond, and GranOO3::DEM::Beam.

◆ get_bonded_element()

const Element & GranOO3::DEM::Bond::get_bonded_element ( const Element & de ) const

inline

same as bonded_element(const Element&) (provided for convenience)

◆ get_disabled_cumulative_surface()

double GranOO3::DEM::Bond::get_disabled_cumulative_surface ( )

static

get the total surface disabled surface

Returns: the cumulative surface of the disabled bond

This static method simply returns the _disabled_cumulative_surface attribute which corresponds to the total surface of the disabled bonds. This feature could be useful to monitor the total crack surface in case of a lattice computation. To get more information, you can see alse the disable() method.

◆ get_disp()

Geom::Vector GranOO3::DEM::Bond::get_disp ( const Element & el ) const

get the displacement of the el element

Parameters

[in] el : the Element which the displacement is needed

Returns: A Geom::Vector corresponding to the displacement of el

Note that the returned displacement is expressed in the other element local frame. The behavior of this method is quite similar to the initial_pos(const Element& ) const method.

◆ get_disp1()

Geom::Vector GranOO3::DEM::Bond::get_disp1 ( ) const

get the displacement of the first bonded element (_element1)

Returns: A Geom::Vector corresponding to the displacement of _element1

Note that the returned displacement is expressed in the other element local frame (see the get_disp(const Element& ) const method)

◆ get_disp2()

Geom::Vector GranOO3::DEM::Bond::get_disp2 ( ) const

similar as get_disp1()

◆ get_dof()

const std::vector< unsigned int > & GranOO3::DEM::Bond::get_dof ( ) const

inline

get the dof vector

This method is useful for lattice FEM computation (see stiffness_matrix(Eigen::MatrixXd &kMatrix)

◆ get_item1() [1/2]

Element & GranOO3::DEM::Bond::get_item1 ( )

inline

◆ get_item1() [2/2]

const Element & GranOO3::DEM::Bond::get_item1 ( ) const

inline

◆ get_item2() [1/2]

Element & GranOO3::DEM::Bond::get_item2 ( )

inline

◆ get_item2() [2/2]

const Element & GranOO3::DEM::Bond::get_item2 ( ) const

inline

◆ get_linear_stiffness()

double GranOO3::DEM::Bond::get_linear_stiffness ( ) const

virtual

compute the linear stiffness of the bond

Returns: the linear stiffness

This method must be overridden by child classes. Note that this method returns 0 if it is not overridden. This method is mainly used for find the most rigid bond in order to compute the optimal time step of a simulation.

Reimplemented in GranOO3::DEM::Spring, GranOO3::DEM::SinterNeck, GranOO3::DEM::HertzSpring, GranOO3::DEM::FlatBond_Ortho, GranOO3::DEM::FlatBond, and GranOO3::DEM::Beam.

◆ get_normal_force_intensity()

double GranOO3::DEM::Bond::get_normal_force_intensity ( ) const

◆ get_tangential_force_intensity()

double GranOO3::DEM::Bond::get_tangential_force_intensity ( ) const

◆ info()

std::string GranOO3::DEM::Bond::info ( ) const

virtual

Display some useful info in the terminal

Reimplemented from GranOO3::Core::Base.

Reimplemented in GranOO3::DEM::XBeam, GranOO3::DEM::Spring, GranOO3::DEM::SinterNeck_Viscous, GranOO3::DEM::SinterNeck_Rojek, GranOO3::DEM::SinterNeck_Martin, GranOO3::DEM::SinterNeck, GranOO3::DEM::RepulsiveSpring, GranOO3::DEM::PlasticBeamIT, GranOO3::DEM::PlasticBeam, GranOO3::DEM::HertzSpring, GranOO3::DEM::FlatBond_Ortho, GranOO3::DEM::FlatBond, GranOO3::DEM::ContactBond, GranOO3::DEM::Beam, and GranOO3::DEM::AttractiveSpring.

◆ init_local_frame()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::init_local_frame ( bool update_initial_param = false )

initialize the bond local frame

A local frame (see _local_frame attribute) can be used for complex bond model where a complete local frame is needed for managing rotation, tangential elongation and so on..

Because managing local frame has a non-negligible computational cost, this is not automatically triggered. If you want to use local frame in a custom bond (that derives from this Bond class), you must trigger this method at the initialization step of your bond. If you don't need local frame, you can do nothing.

Note that, if you need a local frame, you must update the local frame position and orientation with update_local_frame() method just before the computation of your reaction force and torque.

◆ initial_pos()

const Geom::Point & GranOO3::DEM::Bond::initial_pos ( const Element & el ) const

get the initial position of the el element

Parameters

[in] el : the Element which the initial position is needed

Returns: A Geom::Point corresponding to the initial position of el

This method returns the _initial_pos1 or the _initial_pos2 attributes depending from the el which is passed as argument to this function. If the el does not correspond to one of the bonded element, this method triggers an assertion.

Note that the returned Geom::Point object is expressed in the other element local frame. It means that the _initial_pos1 is expressed in the _element2 local frame and the _initial_pos2 is expressed in the _element1 local frame.

◆ is_cracked()

bool GranOO3::DEM::Bond::is_cracked ( ) const

inline

◆ is_disabled()

bool GranOO3::DEM::Bond::is_disabled ( ) const

inline

check if the bond is enable or not

Returns: true if the current bond is enable and false if it is not the case (simply returns the
_disabled attribute)

◆ item1()

Element & GranOO3::DEM::Bond::item1 ( )

inline

◆ item2()

Element & GranOO3::DEM::Bond::item2 ( )

inline

◆ load()

template<class Archive >

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::load	(	Archive &	ar,
		const unsigned int	version
	)

protected

◆ operator=()

Bond& GranOO3::DEM::Bond::operator= ( const Bond & )

privatedelete

◆ save()

template<class Archive >

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::save	(	Archive &	ar,
		const unsigned int	version
	)		const

protected

◆ stiffness_matrix()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::stiffness_matrix ( Eigen::MatrixXd & kMatrix )

inlinevirtual

assemble a stiffness matrix

This method is useful for lattice FEM computation where a global stiffness matrix must be built. FEM computation is an experimental feature only available with the XBeam bond class.

Warning: by default this method triggers an asserting, it must be re-implemented by child classes

Reimplemented in GranOO3::DEM::XBeam.

◆ swap()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::swap	(	Element &	from,
		Element &	to
	)

swap the bond from the Element from to to

Parameters

[in]	from	: the Element to swap
[in]	to	: the new Element to bond

This method can be used to change the bonded element. Note that this method is really experimental !

◆ uncrack()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::uncrack ( bool manage_slave = true )

◆ update_current_length()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::update_current_length ( )

update the current value of the bond length (see _current_length attribute)

◆ update_dof()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::update_dof ( )

inlinevirtual

update the bond dof

This method is useful for lattice FEM computation (see stiffness_matrix(Eigen::MatrixXd &kMatrix)

Reimplemented in GranOO3::DEM::XBeam.

◆ update_local_frame()

void GranOO3::DEM::Bond::update_local_frame ( )

update the bond local frame

if you use a local frame (see init_local_frame()), you must update this frame at each computation. To do such thing, you can override the compute_load() method for triggering this update just before the computation of your reaction force and torque.

Friends And Related Function Documentation

◆ boost::serialization::access

friend class boost::serialization::access

friend

Member Data Documentation

◆ _angular_damping_factor

double GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_angular_damping_factor

protected

the angular damping factor of the bond

◆ _cracked

bool GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_cracked

private

◆ _current_length

double GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_current_length

protected

the current length of the bond that correspond to the norm of the vector between the center of the bonded elements

Note that this attribute can be updated with update_current_length() method

◆ _disabled

bool GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_disabled

private

an attribute that stores the enable/disable state

◆ _disabled_cumulative_surface

double GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_disabled_cumulative_surface = 0.

staticprivate

the attribute where the total disabled surface is stored

See also: get_disabled_cumulative_surface()

◆ _dofs

double GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_dofs

protected

a vector that stores the dof of the bond

This is only used within lattice-FEM computations

◆ _element1

Element * GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_element1

protected

the first of the two bonded Element

◆ _element2

Element * GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_element2

protected

the second of the two bonded Element

◆ _failure_mode

FailureMode GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_failure_mode

private

◆ _initial_length

double GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_initial_length

private

an attribute that stores the bond initial length

◆ _initial_pos1

Geom::Point GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_initial_pos1

private

the initial position of the _element1 expressed in the _element2 local frame

◆ _initial_pos2

Geom::Point GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_initial_pos2

private

the initial position of the _element2 expressed in the _element1 local frame

◆ _linear_damping_factor

double GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_linear_damping_factor

protected

the linear damping factor of the bond

◆ _local_center_element1

Geom::Point GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_local_center_element1

private

the center of _element1 expressed in the local frame. It is always equal to (0,0,0)

◆ _local_center_element2

Geom::Point GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_local_center_element2

private

◆ _local_frame

Geom::Frame GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_local_frame

private

the bond local frame, useful for making computation

◆ _local_frame_element1

Geom::Frame GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_local_frame_element1

private

this the frame that corresponds to the local _element1 frame expressed in the _local_frame

◆ _local_frame_element2

Geom::Frame GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_local_frame_element2

private

◆ _local_quat

Geom::Quaternion GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_local_quat

private

this the quaternion that must be updated for updating the _local_frame

◆ _max_relative_elongation

double GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_max_relative_elongation

protected

a threshold corresponding to a maximal admissible relative elongation (the longitudinal strain)

If the bond reach this value, it is automatically disabled (see compute_load() method)

◆ _quat_element1

Geom::Quaternion GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_quat_element1

private

the quaternion used for building the bond local frame (expressed in the _element1 local frame)

◆ _quat_element2

Geom::Quaternion GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_quat_element2

private

same as the _quat_element1 but expressed in the _element2 local frame)

◆ _relaxed_length

double GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_relaxed_length

protected

the relaxed length of the bond.

The relaxed length is the length value where there reaction force are equal to zero. This is often equal to the initial length. However, it could be differ if you want to implement special deformation that induces a shift into the reaction force such as thermal expansion or plastic strain.

◆ _slave

Core::SetOfBase< Bond > GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_slave

protected

a container that list the slave bond

Slave bond are used in case of periodic simulation. In case of a periodic simulation, you can use the INIT-PERIODIC-BOND plugin to initialize the slave bond. Slave bonds are used at the boundary while a given bond on the frontier has a dual bond on the other frontier. In such a case, it is important to list all these dual bonds within the _slave container. It is mainly used when breaking a bond for breaking all the corresponding the bond slaves.

◆ _surface

double GranOO3::DEM::Bond::_surface

protected

this attribute stores the corresponding normal surface of the bond

This value is zero by default. However, in some cases, t could be practical to associate a surface to a bond for computing thermal conduction or crack surface. It have only a real physical sense in the case of VoronoiBond. In other case, some approximation could be done using IT methods (with platonic solids).

◆ disable_signal

Core::Signal< Bond & > GranOO3::DEM::Bond::disable_signal = Core::Signal<Bond&>()

static

get the signal when a bond is disabled

◆ draw_mode

Bond::DrawMode GranOO3::DEM::Bond::draw_mode = LINE

static

◆ draw_solid_factor

double GranOO3::DEM::Bond::draw_solid_factor

static

◆ epsilon

GranOO3::DEM::Bond::epsilon

static

a very small value used as a threshold

This threshold is used in the init_local_frame() for computing the local frame. This is quite complicated to explain, please take a look into the code, if you really want to know the usage of this variable.

The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:

/home/granoo/granoo/Lib/GranOO3/DEM/Bond.hpp
/home/granoo/granoo/Lib/GranOO3/DEM/Bond.cpp
/home/granoo/granoo/Lib/GranOO3/DEM/Bond.dox

Public Types

Public Member Functions

Static Public Member Functions

Static Public Attributes

Protected Member Functions

Protected Attributes

Private Member Functions

Private Attributes

Static Private Attributes

Friends

Additional Inherited Members

Detailed Description

Member Enumeration Documentation

◆ DrawMode

◆ FailureMode

Constructor & Destructor Documentation

◆ Bond() [1/3]

◆ ~Bond()

◆ Bond() [2/3]

◆ Bond() [3/3]

Member Function Documentation

◆ add_slave()

◆ apply_angular_damping_factor()

◆ apply_linear_damping_factor()

◆ apply_load()

◆ bonded_element()

◆ BOOST_SERIALIZATION_SPLIT_MEMBER()

◆ build_voronoi_bond()

◆ compute_load()

◆ crack()

◆ disable()

◆ disable_fast_mode()

◆ draw()

◆ enable()

◆ export_to_povray()

◆ get_angular_stiffness()

◆ get_bonded_element()

◆ get_disabled_cumulative_surface()

◆ get_disp()

◆ get_disp1()

◆ get_disp2()

◆ get_dof()

◆ get_item1() [1/2]

◆ get_item1() [2/2]

◆ get_item2() [1/2]

◆ get_item2() [2/2]

◆ get_linear_stiffness()

◆ get_normal_force_intensity()

◆ get_tangential_force_intensity()

◆ info()

◆ init_local_frame()

◆ initial_pos()

◆ is_cracked()

◆ is_disabled()

◆ item1()

◆ item2()

◆ load()

◆ operator=()

◆ save()

◆ stiffness_matrix()

◆ swap()

◆ uncrack()

◆ update_current_length()

◆ update_dof()

◆ update_local_frame()

Friends And Related Function Documentation

◆ boost::serialization::access

Member Data Documentation

◆ _angular_damping_factor

◆ _cracked

◆ _current_length

◆ _disabled

◆ _disabled_cumulative_surface

◆ _dofs

◆ _element1

◆ _element2

◆ _failure_mode

◆ _initial_length

◆ _initial_pos1

◆ _initial_pos2